The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48:

Re-formation \Re`-for*ma"tion\ (r?`f?r*m?"sh?n), n.
   The act of forming anew; a second forming in order; as, the
   reformation of a column of troops into a hollow square.
   [1913 Webster]

The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48:

Reformation \Ref`or*ma"tion\ (r?f`?r*m?"sh?n), n. [F.
   r['e]formation, L. reformatio.]
   1. The act of reforming, or the state of being reformed;
      change from worse to better; correction or amendment of
      life, manners, or of anything vicious or corrupt; as, the
      reformation of manners; reformation of the age;
      reformation of abuses.
      [1913 Webster]

            Satire lashes vice into reformation.  --Dryden.
      [1913 Webster]

   2. Specifically (Eccl. Hist.), the important religious
      movement commenced by Luther early in the sixteenth
      century, which resulted in the formation of the various
      Protestant churches.
      [1913 Webster]

   Syn: Reform; amendment; correction; rectification.

   Usage: Reformation, Reform. Reformation is a more
          thorough and comprehensive change than reform. It is
          applied to subjects that are more important, and
          results in changes which are more lasting. A
          reformation involves, and is followed by, many
          particular reforms. "The pagan converts mention this
          great reformation of those who had been the greatest
          sinners, with that sudden and surprising change which
          the Christian religion made in the lives of the most
          profligate." --Addison. "A variety of schemes, founded
          in visionary and impracticable ideas of reform, were
          suddenly produced." --Pitt.
          [1913 Webster]

WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006):

re-formation
    n 1: forming again (especially with improvements or removal of
         defects); renewing and reconstituting [syn: re-formation,
         regeneration]

Moby Thesaurus II by Grady Ward, 1.0:

116 Moby Thesaurus words for "reformation":
   Fabianism, abject apology, about-face, accommodation, adaptation,
   adjustment, adoption, alteration, amelioration, amendment, apology,
   apostasy, betterment, break, change, change of allegiance,
   change of heart, change of mind, changeableness, circumcision,
   constructive change, continuity, conversion, deathbed repentance,
   defection, degeneration, degenerative change, deterioration,
   deviation, difference, discontinuity, divergence, diversification,
   diversion, diversity, extremism, fitting, flip-flop,
   gradual change, gradualism, heartfelt apology, improvement,
   instauration, mea culpa, melioration, meliorism, mitigation,
   modification, modulation, new birth, new life, overthrow, penance,
   penitence, progressivism, qualification, radical change,
   radical reform, radicalism, re-creation, reactivation, realignment,
   rebirth, reclamation, reconstitution, reconversion, recrudescence,
   redeemedness, redemption, redesign, redintegration, reenactment,
   reestablishment, reform, reformism, regeneration, rehabilitation,
   reinstatement, reinstation, reinstitution, reinvestiture,
   reinvestment, remaking, renascence, renewal, repentance,
   replacement, reshaping, restitution, restoration, restructuring,
   reversal, reversion, revisionism, revival, revivification,
   revolution, saeta, salvation, second birth, shift,
   spiritual purification, sudden change, switch, total change,
   transformation, transition, turn, turnabout, upheaval, utopianism,
   variation, variety, violent change, wearing a hairshirt,
   worsening



Bouvier's Law Dictionary, Revised 6th Ed (1856):

REFORMATION, criminal law. The act of bringing back a criminal to such a
sense of justice, so that he may live in society without any detriment to
it.
     2. The object of the criminal law ought to be to reform the criminal,
while it protects society by his punishment. One of the best attempts at
reformation is the plan of solitary confinement in a penitentiary. While the
convict has time to reflect he cannot be injured by evil example or corrupt
communication.