The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48:

Physician \Phy*si"cian\ (f[i^]*z[i^]sh"an), n. [OE. fisician,
   fisicien, OF. physucien, a physician, in F., a natural
   philosopher, an experimentalist in physics. See Physic.]
   1. A person skilled in medicine, or the art of healing;
      especially, one trained and licensed to treat illness and
      prescribe medicines; a doctor of medicine.
      [1913 Webster + PJC]

   2. Hence, figuratively, one who ministers to moral diseases;
      as, a physician of the soul.
      [1913 Webster]

The Devil's Dictionary (1881-1906):

PHYSICIAN, n.  One upon whom we set our hopes when ill and our dogs
when well.


Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary:

Physician
Asa, afflicted with some bodily malady, "sought not to the Lord
but to the physicians" (2 Chr. 16:12). The "physicians" were
those who "practised heathen arts of magic, disavowing
recognized methods of cure, and dissociating the healing art
from dependence on the God of Israel. The sin of Asa was not,
therefore, in seeking medical advice, as we understand the
phrase, but in forgetting Jehovah."

Moby Thesaurus II by Grady Ward, 1.0:

33 Moby Thesaurus words for "physician":
   Doctor of Medicine, GP, MD, Md, allopath, allopathist,
   attending physician, bones, coroner, country doctor, croaker, doc,
   doctor, family doctor, general practitioner, house physician,
   intern, leech, man, medic, medical, medical attendant,
   medical examiner, medical man, medical practitioner, medico,
   physician in ordinary, practitioner, resident, resident physician,
   sawbones, specialist, surgeon