The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48:

Quotient \Quo"tient\ (kw[=o]"shent), n. [F., fr. L. quoties how
   often, how many times, fr. quot how many. See Quota.]
   [1913 Webster]
   1. (Arith.) The number resulting from the division of one
      number by another, and showing how often a less number is
      contained in a greater; thus, the quotient of twelve
      divided by four is three.
      [1913 Webster]

   2. (Higher Alg.) The result of any process inverse to
      multiplication. See the Note under Multiplication.
      [1913 Webster]

WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006):

quotient
    n 1: the ratio of two quantities to be divided
    2: the number obtained by division

The Jargon File (version 4.4.7, 29 Dec 2003):

quotient
 n.

    See coefficient of X.


The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (30 December 2018):

quotient

   The number obtained by dividing one number (the "numerator")
   by another (the "denominator").  If both numbers are
   rational then the result will also be rational.


The Devil's Dictionary (1881-1906):

QUOTIENT, n.  A number showing how many times a sum of money belonging
to one person is contained in the pocket of another -- usually about
as many times as it can be got there.