The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48:

Quartermaster \Quar"ter*mas`ter\, n. [Quarter + master: cf. F.
   quartier-ma[^i]tre.]
   1. (Mil.) An officer whose duty is to provide quarters,
      provisions, storage, clothing, fuel, stationery, and
      transportation for a regiment or other body of troops, and
      superintend the supplies.
      [1913 Webster]

   2. (Naut.) A petty officer who attends to the helm, binnacle,
      signals, and the like, under the direction of the master.
      --Totten.
      [1913 Webster]

   Quartermaster general (Mil.), in the United States a staff
      officer, who has the rank of brigadier general and is the
      chief officer in the quartermaster's department; in
      England, an officer of high rank stationed at the War
      Office having similar duties; also, a staff officer,
      usually a general officer, accompanying each complete army
      in the field.

   Quartermaster sergeant. See Sergeant.
      [1913 Webster]

WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006):

quartermaster
    n 1: an army officer who provides clothing and subsistence for
         troops

Moby Thesaurus II by Grady Ward, 1.0:

39 Moby Thesaurus words for "quartermaster":
   OD, boatswain, captain, caterer, chandler, chief engineer,
   chief mate, commander, commissariat, commissary, deck officer,
   donor, furnisher, manciple, master, mate, merchant, naval officer,
   navigating officer, navigator, patron, pipes, provider,
   provisioner, purveyor, retailer, sailing master, second mate,
   shipmaster, skipper, steward, stock clerk, storekeeper, supplier,
   sutler, the Old Man, victualer, vivandier, watch officer