The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48:

Persian \Per"sian\, a. [From Persia: cf. It. Persiano. Cf.
   Parsee, Peach, Persic.]
   Of or pertaining to Persia, to the Persians, or to their
   language.
   [1913 Webster]

   Persian berry, the fruit of Rhamnus infectorius, a kind
      of buckthorn, used for dyeing yellow, and imported chiefly
      from Trebizond.

   Persian cat. (Zool.) Same as Angora cat, under Angora.


   Persian columns (Arch.), columns of which the shaft
      represents a Persian slave; -- called also Persians. See
      Atlantes.

   Persian drill (Mech.), a drill which is turned by pushing a
      nut back and forth along a spirally grooved drill holder.


   Persian fire (Med.), malignant pustule.

   Persian powder. See Insect powder, under Insect.

   Persian red. See Indian red
   (a), under Indian.

   Persian wheel, a noria; a tympanum. See Noria.
      [1913 Webster]

WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006):

Persian cat
    n 1: a long-haired breed of cat