The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48:

Anthropology \An`thro*pol"o*gy\, n. [Gr. 'a`nqrwpos man +
   -logy.]
   1. The science of the structure and functions of the human
      body.
      [1913 Webster]

   2. The science of man, including the study of the ditribution
      of physical and cultural attributes in relation to man's
      origin, location, history, and environment; -- sometimes
      used in a limited sense to mean the study of man as an
      object of natural history, or as an animal.
      [1913 Webster +PJC]

   3. That manner of expression by which the inspired writers
      attribute human parts and passions to God. See also
      anthropopathite, anthropopathism, anthropomorphist.
      [1913 Webster]

WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006):

anthropology
    n 1: the social science that studies the origins and social
         relationships of human beings

Moby Thesaurus II by Grady Ward, 1.0:

41 Moby Thesaurus words for "anthropology":
   anatomy, animal physiology, anthropography, anthropologist,
   anthropometry, behavioral science, biology, comparative anatomy,
   conchology, craniology, craniometry, demography, ecology,
   entomology, ethnography, ethnologist, ethnology, ethology,
   helminthology, herpetology, human ecology, human geography,
   ichthyology, malacology, mammalogy, ornithology, protozoology,
   psychology, science of man, sociologist, sociology, taxidermy,
   taxonomy, zoogeography, zoography, zoology, zoonomy, zoopathology,
   zoophysics, zootaxy, zootomy